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Education • Art • Music
200 | M.C. Escher and Music Theory
Exploring Escher's artwork to master music
March 31, 2023
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If you want to understand music theory, study the works of M.C. Escher.

Escher is the greatest graphic artist of all time. (In my opinion anyway.) He lived from 1898 to 1972 in the Netherlands and was, for lack of a better word, amazing.

But the thing is ... he wasn't even a musician. Not really. He dabbled with the piano. He practiced the cello a bit (but didn't excel due to having small hands), and even tried the flute (despite his thin lips). Yet he always loved music and was an avid fan, listening to records of Bach for hours on end as he crafted his art.

And wow, his art. It was good -- like unbelievably good -- for at least 3 reasons:

1. Because it's mind-bending, with images that explore (and defy) the nature of space and time ... like these, for example:

2. Because it's also true craftsmanship ... since Escher didn't use a computer to produce his prolific output. Instead, he created these surreal images by hand as woodcuts, lithographs, and mezzotints. 

3. But the reason Escher's art is especially inspiring is because of the way it provides insight into the nature of music theory. For real. Let me explain.... 

Back in the day, when I was first wandering into the thorny underbrush of music theory -- venturing into its dense thicket of musical symbols and arcane rules -- it all felt overwhelming.

Frustratingly so, since music itself has always sounded so simple and intuitive.

But in the process of exploring various musical relationships, studying scales and chords and notes and intervals, one thing became evident:  Music is just patterns. Clear and predictable patterns. Repetitive, logical, and simple patterns that all began to hint at an underlying framework of natural beauty.

And while pondering this nature of music, walking through the hills staring at an early diagram of note patterns, a lovely thought arrived -- which was that the diagram I'd printed (a rudimentary dissection of the guitar fretboard) looked an awful lot like one of Escher's woodcuts ... the tessellation called "Sky and Water I" from 1938:

And with this realization, that there's a kind of order to music -- an order and structure that can be graphically depicted, explored, and mastered -- I immediately became obsessed with charting this unseen musical territory.

In that moment, it suddenly became possible to see sound, to pick it apart and reassemble it using its own natural patterns. To discover (and truly understand) the order of music within the chaos of sound. And to see that music is the audible convergence of space and time.

In fact, it's surprising that it took 200 posts to finally mention M.C. Escher here (!). Because his art and perspective directly (and indirectly) inspires many of the diagrams you'll find here in the community.

To show you what I mean, the following are a few examples. And I highly recommend exploring all of his works -- because they'll help you find further connections -- drawing more inspriation in this journey of discovery we're on:

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Tritone Math Madness

12 really is a perfect number.

6 is a factor of 12 and thus divides the chromatic scale into all 12 inherent tritone pairs.

12/6 = 2 resulting in 6 bisectors that create 12 pairs of notes diametrically opposite eachother.

The math is exactly as on point as the colors are.

Amazing!

442 | How to Write Chord Progressions

How do people write chord progressions? The process isn't random. Once you can see how chords are connected in the circle of fifths, you can make great music. Here are 6 song examples....

SONG 1 - No Woman, No Cry (Bob Marley)
-- Simple progression with only 4 chords from the key

SONG 2 - Can't Buy Me Love (The Beatles)
-- 12-bar blues in the verse, with movement through minor chords in the chorus

SONG 3 - Hallelujah (Leonard Cohen)
-- Mostly chords from the key, with a secondary dominant (V/vi) added for harmonic variety

SONG 4 - You Really Got a Hold on Me (Smokey Robinson)
-- Mostly diatonic chords, with a secondary dominant (V/V) to set up the dominant chord

SONG 5 - Don't Look Back in Anger (Oasis)
-- More harmonic variety, a secondary dominant (V/vi) along with two borrowed chords from the parallel Aeolian mode (iv, bVII7)

SONG 6 - Californication (Red Hot Chili Peppers)
-- Written in the Aeolian mode, with a wildly divergent bridge that jump cuts into the parallel Ionian ...

Songs_in_the_Key_of_C_(music_theory).pdf
January 18, 2026

I figured out the progressions for four of my favorite songs by Athlete!

December 03, 2025
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429 | Chords with a G Note

This is a "heatmap" of all chords (triads) with a G note. (The staggered stacks of notes in each cell simply illustrate the various inversions of each triad.)

Chord progressions built from these chords tend to sound good -- due to their shared link with the G note.

You can see (and hear) what I mean as you play around with these chords.

For a map of chords that include the C note, see Post #425. Notice that the harmonic positions of each chord are the same -- that is, the same numerals appear (I, IV, bVI, etc.) since the ChordMap is symmetrical across all keys.

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425 | Chords with a C Note

This image helps to get the ideas flowing for songwriting. It shows the various chords (triads) with a C note. Like a heat map, it highlights all the locations across harmonic space that include this pitch.

And what's cool is that, as you play different progressions built from these chords, they tend to sound good. This is due to their shared link with the C note.

You'll see (and hear) what I mean as you play around with these chords.

A song might not be built entirely from these chords alone -- they might simply serve as a springboard for more ideas. Or maybe you can come up with a full tune from these harmonies....

And on a more esoteric note ... it's interesting how this version of the ChordMap resembles the Mayan calendar, yeah? With its colorful symbols and concentric rings, it's structure is strangely similar.

The Aztec sun god, Tonatiuh, sits at the center of the Mayan calendar. Like Apollo, the Greek god of the sun (and music), he plays a central role in the progression of time. Music is the audible convergence of time and space (pitch and rhythm). And it all flows in a cycle.

As they say, everything is connected. :)

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376 | The Rosetta Stone of Music

Music is a language. A language that your ears naturally understand, but that’s also utterly foreign to your eyes … as a mess of confusing dots and lines and squiggles.

It’s frustrating, to say the least. Because it means that you’re already fluent in this language (or at least you can easily hear it), but at the same time you’re not able to speak it (by easily playing and creating it yourself).

And as long as you’re confused by the visual language of music, you’ll struggle with the syntax of song, unable to fully articulate the music that you can hear inside.

So what’s needed is a way to align your hearing with your sight. That is, you need a method to illustrate the patterns of music in such a way that they LOOK as natural and simple as they SOUND.

In other words, you need a “Rosetta Stone” to help bridge the gap between the musical language of your ears and that of your eyes.

And with color, you have the answer — using the special connection between the circle of fifths and the color wheel, along with the natural link between the circle of fifths and the chromatic scale.

By leveraging your familiarity with color to decipher the otherwise cryptic sequence notes, you can finally crack the code of music. This is our musical Rosetta Stone.

 

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